Fig. 7
From: HIF-1α regulated GLUT1-mediated glycolysis enhances Treponema pallidum-induced cytokine responses
HIF1-α regulates GLUT1-mediated glycolysis, leading to increased monocyte cytokine production following Treponema pallidum infection. Under normal physiological conditions, monocytes uptake glucose through various glucose transporters and metabolize it via glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration to maintain cellular homeostasis. Following Tp infection, there is an induction of HIF-1α expression in the nucleus of monocytes, leading to the upregulation of GLUT1, LDHA, and other glycolytic enzyme genes, thereby enhancing monocyte glycolysis and subsequently promoting monocyte cytokine secretion