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Lactate, once considered a mere byproduct of anaerobic metabolism, is now recognized as a critical signaling molecule with diverse roles in physiology and pathology. There are two stereoisomers of lactate: L- ...
The original article was published in Cell Communication and Signaling 2025 23:100
To successfully metastasize, cancer cells must evade detachment induced cell death, known as anoikis. Unraveling the mechanisms that gastric cancer (GC) circumvent anoikis and achieve peritoneal metastasis esp...
The negatively charged aminophospholipid, phosphatidylserine (PS), is typically restricted to the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane under normal, healthy physiological conditions. PS is irreversibly externa...
Mitochondria dysfunction has been closely linked to a wide spectrum of human cancers, whereas the molecular basis has yet to be fully understood. SLC25A35 belongs to the SLC25 family of mitochondrial carrier p...
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder primarily driven by the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons, with limited therapeutic interventions currently available. Among the critical...
The body’s innate immune system plays a pivotal role in identifying and eliminating cancer cells. However, as the immune system ages, its functionality can deteriorate, becoming dysfunctional, inefficient, or ...
Preterm prelabor rupture of membranes (pPROM) is a leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. While intra-amniotic infection is a well-established driver of pPROM, the role of sterile intra-amniotic in...
Protein arginine methylations are crucial post-translational modifications (PTMs) in eukaryotes, playing a significant regulatory role in diverse biological processes. Here, we present our investigation into t...
In recent 10 years, ferroptosis has become a hot research direction in the scientific research community as a new way of cell death. Iron toxicity accumulation and lipotoxicity are unique features. Several stu...
Ceramides are known for their harmful, cell-autonomous effects in cigarette smoke (CS)-triggered chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), yet their potential role as intercellular signals in COPD pathogen...
The original article was published in Cell Communication and Signaling 2025 23:22
TFE3 rearranged renal cell carcinoma (TFE3 rRCC), classified as a distinct entity of RCCs, exhibits aggressive biological behavior and possesses unique metabolic characteristics. In the present study, TFE3 rRCC w...
Hearing loss, a major public health issue, affects 1.33 per 1,000 live births worldwide. Genetic factors contribute to over half of congenital cases, with X-linked inheritance accounting for 1–5%. POU3F4 mutation...
Tubulin is crucial in several cellular processes, including intracellular organization, organelle transport, motility, and chromosome segregation. Intracellular tubulin concentration is tightly regulated by an...
The insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) is overexpressed in 90% of adrenocortical carcinomas (ACC) and promotes cell proliferation via IGF1R and isoform A of insulin receptor (IRA). However, IGF2 role in ACC t...
Alterations in signalling pathways fuel the growth and progression of melanoma. Therefore, understanding these processes is essential for developing effective treatment strategies. RAB27A and RAB27B are known ...
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common form of arrhythmia and is a growing clinical problem. Post-translational modifications (PTMs) constitute crucial epigenetic mechanisms but modification of lysine 2-h...
Sos1 and Sos2 are guanine-nucleotide exchange factors for Ras and Rac small GTPases, which are involved in a wide range of cellular responses including proliferation and migration. We have previously shown tha...
Macrophages are required for development and tissue repair and protect against microbial attacks. In response to external signals, monocytes differentiate into macrophages, but our knowledge of changes that pr...
Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is considered a life-saving treatment for end-stage renal disease. However, prolonged PD use can lead to the development of peritoneal fibrosis (PF), diminishing its efficacy. Peritone...
As a gatekeeper of the airway epithelial cells, E-cadherin is not only a critical component for the maintenance of epithelial integrity, but also engaged in pathological processes through the release of a solu...
Apolipoprotein E (APOE) has garnered significant attention as one of the most influential genetic risk factors for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). While the pathogenic role of APOE4 in sporadic AD has been extensively ...
The trafficking of immune cells between lymphoid organs and circulation depends on gradients of CXCL12 and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), mediated through their cognate receptors C-X-C chemokine receptor type ...
The leucine rich repeat and sterile alpha motif containing 1 (LRSAM1) as E3 ligase recognizes bacteria and generates a ubiquitin signal to initiate the autophagy process. In the present study, LRSAM1 was ident...
Plakophilin 4 (PKP4, also called p0071) is a unique armadillo family protein localized at adherens junctions that acts as a scaffold protein capable of clustering cadherins. PKP4 also regulates cadherin recycl...
Extracellular matrix (ECM) and angiogenesis are critical controls of wound regeneration, and their dysfunction delays diabetes recovery. CXXC5 belongs to the CXXC protein family that can regulate the function ...
Patients with early-onset preeclampsia (EOPE) have a most severe disease state. a2-macroglobulin (A2M) play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of EOPE, but its molecular basis and therapeutic potential remain ...
Trastuzumab serves as a cornerstone of first-line therapy for HER2-positive (HER2+) breast cancer; however, a significant challenge arises due to the emergence of resistance within approximately one year of comme...
Sestrin1 and Sestrin2 (SESN1&2) are evolutionarily conserved, stress-responsive proteins that regulate cell growth and viability. The primary target of Sestrins is the mTORC1 protein kinase, an activator of an...
Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is likely to relapse due to aberrant eosinophil infiltration. The deficiency of Vitamin D (VD) is associated with increased eosinophil infiltration in eosinoph...
The resolution of apoptotic cells (ACs) is crucial for wound healing and tissue remodeling and is often impaired by persistent inflammation. This study aimed to elucidate the impact of neutrophil extracellular...
Neural cell adhesion molecule 1 (NCAM1/CD56) as a well-known surface marker for natural killer (NK) cells plays important roles in cell migration, adhesion, and inflammation. In the present study, NCAM1 homolo...
The specificity of the ubiquitination process is mediated by the E3 ligases. Discriminating genuine substrates of E3s from mere interacting proteins is one of the major challenges in the field. We previously d...
Angiogenesis and osteogenesis are closely interrelated. The interaction between endothelial and bone-forming cells, such as osteoblasts, is crucial for normal bone development and repair. Juxtacrine and paracr...
The Correction to this article has been published in Cell Communication and Signaling 2025 23:133
Our team has previously found that the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) plays a more significant anti-tumor role in host immune cells than in tumor cells. Although STING is necessary for CD8 + T cells to...
Cell death within the tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a crucial role in controlling cancer by influencing the balance of tumor-specific immunity. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) significantly contribut...
Conserved proteins are characterized by their functions remaining nearly constant throughout evolutionary history, both vertically through time and horizontally across species. In this review, we focus on a cl...
Regenerating family member 3A (REG3A) is involved in the development of multiple malignant tumors, including pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). However, any role of REG3A in PDAC remains controversial du...
Cells from organisms across all kingdoms of life continuously release a diverse repertoire of extracellular vesicles (EVs) into their extracellular environment as an elegant strategy for both, cellular homeost...
Adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR) antagonists have been consistently demonstrated to protect against multiple sclerosis (MS) pathology, but A2AR knockout (A2AR−/−) mice exhibit exacerbated immune injury, raising conc...
Severe cases of COVID-19 are characterized by an excessive presence of neutrophils. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), released by activated neutrophils due to SARS-CoV-2 infection, contribute to lung epit...
Glycosylation is an important posttranslational modification of proteins and in most cases indispensable for proper protein function. Like most soluble proteins, IgA, the second most prevalent antibody in huma...
Pharmacological targeting of Hedgehog (HH)/GLI has proven effective for certain blood, brain and skin cancers including basal cell carcinoma (BCC). However, limited response rates and the development of drug r...
The neuroretinal vascular system is comprised of three interconnected layers. The initial superficial vascular plexus formation is guided by astrocytes around birth in mice. The formation of the deep and inter...
Membrane contact sites (MCS) are specialized regions where organelles are closely interconnected through membrane structures, facilitating the transfer and exchange of ions, lipids, and other molecules. This p...
Transfer RNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs), including tRNA-derived fragments (tRFs) and tRNA halves (tiRNAs), constitute a novel class of small noncoding RNAs (sncRNAs). tsRNAs have been linked to tumorigenesis ...
Sepsis remains the leading cause of death in intensive care units. Despite newer antimicrobial and supportive therapies, specific treatments are still lacking. Neutrophils are pivotal components of the effecto...
PAK4 has been widely reported to function in somatic cells. However, its role and the underlying mechanisms in meiotic oocytes are largely unknown. Here, we show that PAK4 deficiency significantly disrupts mat...
Gastric cancer (GC) is a common and frequent malignant cancer of the digestive system with a poor prognosis. In addition to common therapies such as surgical resection and chemotherapy, novel biological interv...
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